Mental Health

Mental health refers to our emotional, psychological, and social well-being—it’s how we think, feel, and act day to day. It shapes how we handle stress, connect with others, and make choices. When it’s in a good place, we tend to feel balanced, capable, and engaged with life. When it’s not, things like anxiety, depression, or burnout can creep in, making even simple stuff feel overwhelming.

It’s not just “in your head” either—there’s a lot of science behind it. Your brain’s chemistry, like serotonin or dopamine levels, plays a role, alongside life experiences, genetics, and even physical health. For example, chronic stress can mess with your cortisol levels and throw everything off.

Today, people see it as a spectrum, not a binary “sane or insane” thing. Everyone’s got mental health, and it fluctuates. Some days you’re solid, others you’re not—it’s normal. Culture’s shifting too; talking about it is less taboo now, though there’s still stigma in spots.

“Curing” mental health conditions isn’t always the right framing—some can be fully resolved, but others are more about managing symptoms and improving quality of life. It depends on the type, severity, and the person. There’s no one-size-fits-all fix, but here’s how different approaches tackle the types we talked about:

Types

1. Anxiety Disorders
2. Mood Disorders
3. Psychotic Disorders
4. Eating Disorders
5. OCD
6. PTSD
7. Personality Disorders
8. Substance Use Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Therapy: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is gold—it helps you rewire thought patterns, like challenging “everything’s a disaster” thinking. Exposure therapy works for phobias by slowly facing the fear.

Meds: SSRIs (like sertraline) or benzodiazepines (short-term) can calm the storm.

Lifestyle: Exercise, mindfulness, and cutting caffeine can dial down the jitters.

Mood Disorders

Depression: Therapy (CBT or interpersonal therapy) digs into root causes. Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs) tweak brain chemistry—takes weeks to kick in. Light therapy helps if it’s seasonal.

Bipolar: Mood stabiliser’s (like lithium) plus therapy to spot triggers. Routine—sleep, diet—is huge to avoid swings.

Note: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is rare but used for severe cases when nothing else works.

Psychotic Disorders

Meds: Antipsychotics reduce hallucinations and delusions. Finding the right one’s a process.

Therapy: Supportive and social skills training help with daily life.

Support: Family education and community programs keep people grounded. No full “cure,” but symptoms can quiet down.

Eating Disorders

Therapy: CBT again, or family-based therapy for teens, rewires food thoughts. Nutrition rebuilds healthy habits.

Meds: Sometimes antidepressants tag along, especially with bulimia.

Medical: Hospitalisation if weight or vitals crash—physical recovery first, then mental.

OCD

Therapy: Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)—face the obsession without the ritual. Tough but effective.

Meds: High-dose SSRIs can cut the intensity.

Self-help: Mindfulness to sit with the discomfort instead of acting on it.

PTSD

Therapy: EMDR (eye movement desensitisation) or trauma-focused CBT processes the memory so it’s less raw.

Meds: Antidepressants or anti-anxiety meds ease the edge.

Coping: Grounding techniques—like focusing on senses—help during flashbacks.

Personality Disorders

Therapy: Dialectical behaviour Therapy (DBT) for BPD teaches emotional regulation. Schema therapy digs into core beliefs. Progress is slow, less “cure,” more adaptation.

Meds: Symptom-specific—like mood stabiliser’s—but not the main fix.

Note: These are lifelong patterns; management’s the goal.

Substance Use Disorders

Detox: Medically supervised if withdrawal’s rough (alcohol, opioids).

Therapy: Motivational interviewing or 12-step programs build resolve.

Meds: Naltrexone or methadone can curb cravings. Relapse is common—recovery’s a cycle.

Neurodevelopment Disorders

ASD: Behavioural therapy (ABA) and social skills training improve function. No cure—focus is on strengths.

ADHD: Stimulants (methylphenidate) sharpen focus. Therapy teaches organization. Lifelong tweaks, not a cure.

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