Ramadan

Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, is the holiest month for Muslims. It is a sacred time dedicated to fasting, prayer, self-reflection, and community. From dawn to sunset, Muslims observe a fast, abstaining from food, drink, smoking, and negative behavior. The fast is broken at sunset with iftar, while the pre-dawn meal before fasting begins is called suhoor.

Beyond fasting, Ramadan is a period of spiritual devotion, with increased prayers, Quran recitation, charitable giving (Zakat), and personal growth. The month concludes with Eid al-Fitr, a joyous celebration marked by prayers, festive meals, and acts of kindness toward those in need.

The origins of Ramadan trace back to the 7th century, when the Quran was first revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) by Allah through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). This divine event, known as Laylat al-Qadr (The Night of Power), is believed to have taken place within the last ten nights of Ramadan, making it the holiest night of the month.

Historical and Religious Significance

1. Pre-Islamic Background

• Before Islam, some Arabian tribes observed fasting as a form of spiritual discipline.
• Fasting was also practiced in other faiths, including Judaism and Christianity, as a means of devotion and self-purification.

2. The Establishment of Ramadan in Islam

• In 610 CE, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelations of the Quran while meditating in the Cave of Hira.
• In 624 CE, during the second year after the Prophet’s migration (Hijra) to Medina, fasting during Ramadan was made compulsory for all adult Muslims, with exceptions for those who were ill, traveling, pregnant, or otherwise unable to fast.

Quranic Commandment on Fasting

The obligation to fast was revealed in the Quran in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183-185):
“O you who have believed, fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may attain piety.”

Why Ramadan is a Sacred Month

• The name Ramadan comes from the Arabic word “Ramad,” meaning scorching heat or dryness, symbolizing spiritual purification.
• The month gained significance due to the revelation of the Quran and the divine command to observe fasting.

Since then, Muslims around the world have honored Ramadan as a time for fasting, prayer, self-reflection, and devotion, following the guidance of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

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